GS
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
GS's outlook is improving, though it still trails on the overall score.
LNC
Lincoln National Corporation
LNC has the edge over GS overall, supported by stronger valuation and stronger modeled upside.
GS Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| N/A | |
| N/A |
GS's revenue and profitability are currently strong. Free cash flow and net leverage aren't meaningful measures for financial services companies like GS.
LNC Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Healthy | |
| Strong | |
| N/A | |
| N/A |
LNC's revenue and profitability are currently healthy. Free cash flow and net leverage aren't meaningful measures for financial services companies like LNC.
GS PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 7.6x | $528 | -42% |
| Current | 13x | $914 | — |
| Forward | 13x | $914 | — |
| Fair | 14x | $940 | +2.9% |
| Expensive | 17x | $1,214 | +33% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
GS's PE is 13x, but its earnings don't support one, so it isn't a reliable read right now.
LNC PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 2.5x | $41.80 | — |
| Cheap | 3.8x | $63.26 | +51% |
| Forward | 4.9x | $41.80 | — |
| Fair | 8.9x | $149 | +257% |
| Expensive | 15x | $256 | +512% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
LNC has the edge over GS in the historical PE scenario, which offers more potential upside but is not a forecast.
GS Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Stable | |
| Strong growth | |
| Growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Limited | |
| Low |
GS has the edge over LNC on the outlook, with more favorable valuation and revenue expectations.
LNC Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Strongly deteriorating | |
| Growth | |
| Stable | |
| Improving | |
| Limited | |
| Moderate |
Analysts expect LNC's earnings to grow and its profitability to improve, with its revenue holding steady.
GS Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $72.35 | +4% |
| Q3 2026 | $69.58 | +41% |
| Q2 2026 | $64.82 | +43% |
| Q1 2026 | $54.75 | +27% |
| Q4 2025 | $51.32 | +27% |
| Q3 2025 | $49.22 | +44% |
| Q2 2025 | $45.37 | +45% |
| Q1 2025 | $43.08 | +68% |
| Q4 2024 | $40.54 | +77% |
GS has the edge over LNC on earnings, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
LNC Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $8.54 | -49% |
| Q3 2026 | $16.71 | +50% |
| Q2 2026 | $12.06 | +109% |
| Q1 2026 | $9.14 | +29% |
| Q4 2025 | $5.83 | -68% |
| Q3 2025 | $11.17 | +660% |
| Q2 2025 | $5.76 | -40% |
| Q1 2025 | $7.07 | -4.2% |
| Q4 2024 | $18.41 | +$23.33 |
LNC earned $16.71 per share over the past year, up 50% from the year before.
GS Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $18.7B | +23% |
| Q2 2026 | $20.3B | +39% |
| Q1 2026 | $17.2B | +14% |
| Q4 2025 | $13.5B | -3% |
| Q3 2025 | $15.2B | +20% |
| Q2 2025 | $14.6B | +15% |
| Q1 2025 | $15.1B | +6% |
| Q4 2024 | $13.9B | +23% |
GS has the edge over LNC on sales, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 37% | +2 points |
| Q2 2026 | 42% | +8.1 points |
| Q1 2026 | 38% | +0.2 points |
| Q4 2025 | 44% | +5.6 points |
| Q3 2025 | 36% | +4.1 points |
| Q2 2025 | 34% | +3.2 points |
| Q1 2025 | 37% | +0.6 points |
| Q4 2024 | 38% | +18 points |
GS has the edge over LNC on profitability, with a higher operating margin.
LNC Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $5.5B | +20% |
| Q2 2026 | $4.5B | +12% |
| Q1 2026 | $5.3B | +13% |
| Q4 2025 | $4.9B | -2.8% |
| Q3 2025 | $4.6B | +11% |
| Q2 2025 | $4B | -22% |
| Q1 2025 | $4.7B | +14% |
| Q4 2024 | $5.1B | +624% |
LNC's revenue is growing: $5.5B last quarter, up 20% from the same quarter a year ago.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 32% | +20 points |
| Q2 2026 | 36% | +15 points |
| Q1 2026 | -4.6% | +16 points |
| Q4 2025 | 19% | -23 points |
| Q3 2025 | 12% | +29 points |
| Q2 2025 | 21% | -0.3 points |
| Q1 2025 | -20% | -57 points |
| Q4 2024 | 41% | +272 points |
LNC's operating margin was 32% last quarter, up 20 points from the same quarter a year ago.
GS Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $3.7B | +72% |
| Q2 2026 | $5.6B | +7.8% |
| Q1 2026 | -$32.4B | +$5.3B |
| Q4 2025 | -$16.8B | -136% |
| Q3 2025 | $2.1B | +$40.6B |
| Q2 2025 | $5.2B | -6.8% |
| Q1 2025 | -$37.7B | -$9.2B |
| Q4 2024 | $46.2B | +$75.1B |
GS's free cash flow was −$40B over the past year, against $15.8B the year before. Free cash flow isn't a meaningful measure for financial services companies like GS.
LNC Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $875M | +$2B |
| Q2 2026 | -$558M | -155% |
| Q1 2026 | $138M | +$410M |
| Q4 2025 | $233M | +5% |
| Q3 2025 | -$1.1B | -$1.1B |
| Q2 2025 | $1B | +$1.9B |
| Q1 2025 | -$272M | +$1.1B |
| Q4 2024 | $222M | +$2.1B |
LNC has the edge over GS on cash generation, producing positive trailing cash flow while its opponent burns cash.
GS Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -1.2% | -3.8M shares |
| 1 year | -4.4% | -13.9M shares |
| 3 years | -12% | -42.8M shares |
| 5 years | -15% | -52.8M shares |
| Available history | -20% | -74.4M shares |
GS has the edge over LNC on shareholder dilution, with a more favorable share count trend.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $3B |
| Q2 2026 | $4B |
| Q1 2026 | $5B |
| Q4 2025 | $3B |
| Q3 2025 | $2B |
| Q2 2025 | $3B |
| Q1 2025 | $4.4B |
| Q4 2024 | $2B |
GS spent $15B buying back its own shares over the past year, up 32% from the year before.
LNC Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | +0.1% | +235K shares |
| 1 year | +1.2% | +2.3M shares |
| 3 years | +15% | +25.8M shares |
| 5 years | +4% | +7.6M shares |
| Available history | -2.7% | -5.5M shares |
LNC has 197M diluted shares, up 1.2% from a year ago.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q4 2022 | — |
| Q3 2022 | $50M |
| Q2 2022 | $100M |
| Q1 2022 | $400M |
| Q4 2021 | $650M |
| Q3 2021 | $200M |
| Q2 2021 | $150M |
| Q1 2021 | $105M |
GS Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -5.4x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -6.1x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -6.7x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | -6.4x | Net Cash |
| Q3 2025 | -3.5x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -3.1x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -3.9x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2024 | -4.7x | Net Cash |
GS has more cash than debt. Net leverage isn't a meaningful measure for financial services companies like GS.
LNC Net Leverage
GS Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 44.5 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 16.3 | Oversold |
GS's weekly RSI is 45 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 16 (oversold).
LNC Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 53.7 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 27.7 | Neutral |
LNC's weekly RSI is 54 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 28 (neutral).
GS PE vs Financial Services Sector
| Metric | GS | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 13x | 13x | 0.8% above |
| PE % | 46 | 63 | 17 pts below |
GS is trading at 13x earnings, in line with the Financial Services sector's median of 13x, though its earnings don't support one.
LNC PE vs Financial Services Sector
| Metric | LNC | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 2.5x | 13x | 81% below |
| PE % | 5 | 63 | 58 pts below |
LNC has the edge over GS on valuation relative to its sector.
GS Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $895.5 | 2% above |
| 20 week MA | $977.4 | 6.5% below |
| 50 week MA | $945.4 | 3.4% below |
| 100 week MA | $804.5 | 14% above |
| 200 week MA | $602.7 | 52% above |
GS's trend is mixed: it's above three of its five weekly moving averages, and 52% above its 200-week average.
LNC Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $40.6 | 3% above |
| 20 week MA | $42.0 | 0.4% below |
| 50 week MA | $39.8 | 5.1% above |
| 100 week MA | $38.0 | 10% above |
| 200 week MA | $33.0 | 27% above |
LNC has the edge over GS on trend strength, trading above more of its moving averages.
GS Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $230.7 | $256.2 | +11% |
| 2021 | $256.2 | $385.0 | +50% |
| 2022 | $385.0 | $345.5 | -10% |
| 2023 | $345.5 | $385.8 | +12% |
| 2024 | $385.8 | $576.2 | +49% |
| 2025 | $576.2 | $907.0 | +57% |
| 2026 YTD | $907.0 | $913.6 | +0.7% |
GS has the edge over LNC on returns for 2026, with the stronger performance.
LNC Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $58.7 | $49.7 | -15% |
| 2021 | $49.7 | $67.9 | +36% |
| 2022 | $67.9 | $30.1 | -56% |
| 2023 | $30.1 | $27.0 | -10% |
| 2024 | $27.0 | $31.8 | +18% |
| 2025 | $31.8 | $45.7 | +44% |
| 2026 YTD | $45.7 | $41.8 | -8.6% |
LNC has finished lower in three of the last six years. It's down 8.6% so far in 2026.