CAT
Caterpillar Inc.
CAT has lower modeled downside risk, despite its lower overall score.
ZETA
Zeta Global Holdings Corp.
ZETA has the edge over CAT overall, supported by stronger valuation and stronger fundamentals.
CAT Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Healthy | |
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| Strong |
CAT's revenue, profitability, cash flow and balance sheet are all currently healthy.
ZETA Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Strong | |
| Healthy | |
| Strong | |
| Healthy |
ZETA's revenue, profitability, cash flow and balance sheet are all currently healthy.
CAT PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 15x | $380 | -37% |
| Fair | 18x | $461 | -24% |
| Forward | 20x | $605 | — |
| Current | 24x | $605 | — |
| Expensive | 33x | $840 | +39% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
CAT's PE is in its expensive range at 24x. If earnings grow as analysts expect, today's price would be 20x next year's earnings, in its fair range.
ZETA PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forward | 29x | $37.27 | — |
| Current | 248x | $37.27 | — |
| Cheap | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Fair | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Expensive | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
ZETA has the edge over CAT in the historical PE scenario, which offers more potential upside but is not a forecast.
CAT Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Improving | |
| Strong growth | |
| Growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Moderate | |
| Low |
Analysts expect earnings and revenue growth for CAT, with profitability improving. However, they disagree widely on these estimates.
ZETA Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Strongly improving | |
| Strong growth | |
| Strong growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Limited | |
| Low |
Analysts expect strong earnings and revenue growth for ZETA, with profitability improving. However, they disagree widely on these estimates.
CAT Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $30.32 | +19% |
| Q3 2026 | $25.48 | +31% |
| Q2 2026 | $23.23 | +18% |
| Q1 2026 | $20.08 | -2% |
| Q4 2025 | $18.81 | -15% |
| Q3 2025 | $19.46 | -9.7% |
| Q2 2025 | $19.64 | -10% |
| Q1 2025 | $20.50 | -7.4% |
| Q4 2024 | $22.05 | +9.6% |
CAT earned $25.48 per share over the past year, up 31% from the year before.
ZETA Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $1.27 | +748% |
| Q3 2026 | $0.15 | +$0.23 |
| Q2 2026 | -$0.01 | +$0.14 |
| Q1 2026 | -$0.10 | +$0.15 |
| Q4 2025 | -$0.14 | +$0.24 |
| Q3 2025 | -$0.08 | +$0.61 |
| Q2 2025 | -$0.15 | +$0.72 |
| Q1 2025 | -$0.25 | +$0.80 |
| Q4 2024 | -$0.38 | +$0.82 |
ZETA has the edge over CAT on earnings, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
CAT Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $20.7B | +17% |
| Q2 2026 | $20.5B | +24% |
| Q1 2026 | $17.4B | +22% |
| Q4 2025 | $19.1B | +18% |
| Q3 2025 | $17.6B | +9.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $16.6B | -0.7% |
| Q1 2025 | $14.2B | -9.8% |
| Q4 2024 | $16.2B | -5% |
CAT's revenue has grown year over year for five quarters in a row: $20.7B last quarter, up 17% from the same quarter a year ago.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 20% | +3.1 points |
| Q2 2026 | 21% | +3.6 points |
| Q1 2026 | 18% | -0.4 points |
| Q4 2025 | 14% | -4.1 points |
| Q3 2025 | 17% | -2.2 points |
| Q2 2025 | 17% | -3.6 points |
| Q1 2025 | 18% | -4.2 points |
| Q4 2024 | 18% | -0.3 points |
CAT has the edge over ZETA on profitability, with a higher operating margin.
ZETA Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $492.7M | +46% |
| Q2 2026 | $442.8M | +44% |
| Q1 2026 | $396.3M | +50% |
| Q4 2025 | $394.6M | +25% |
| Q3 2025 | $337.2M | +26% |
| Q2 2025 | $308.4M | +35% |
| Q1 2025 | $264.4M | +36% |
| Q4 2024 | $314.7M | +50% |
ZETA has the edge over CAT on sales, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 9.3% | +6.7 points |
| Q2 2026 | 3.8% | +5.5 points |
| Q1 2026 | -4.8% | +1.3 points |
| Q4 2025 | 4.5% | +2.3 points |
| Q3 2025 | 2.6% | +7.2 points |
| Q2 2025 | -1.7% | +10 points |
| Q1 2025 | -6.1% | +12 points |
| Q4 2024 | 2.2% | +17 points |
ZETA's operating margin was 9.3% last quarter, up 6.7 points from the same quarter a year ago, near the top of its range since 2020.
CAT Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $3.7B | +19% |
| Q2 2026 | $3.8B | +47% |
| Q1 2026 | $1.1B | +97% |
| Q4 2025 | $2.7B | +0.1% |
| Q3 2025 | $3.1B | -1.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $2.6B | -4.2% |
| Q1 2025 | $579M | -63% |
| Q4 2024 | $2.7B | -22% |
CAT generated $11.3B in free cash flow over the past year, up 26% from the year before.
ZETA Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $88.3M | +68% |
| Q2 2026 | $64.4M | +62% |
| Q1 2026 | $46.7M | +46% |
| Q4 2025 | $60.9M | +72% |
| Q3 2025 | $52.4M | +78% |
| Q2 2025 | $39.7M | +63% |
| Q1 2025 | $32.1M | +70% |
| Q4 2024 | $35.4M | +66% |
ZETA has the edge over CAT on cash flow, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
CAT Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -0.3% | -1.6M shares |
| 1 year | -2.1% | -9.9M shares |
| 3 years | -10% | -51.7M shares |
| 5 years | -16% | -86.7M shares |
| Available history | -19% | -107M shares |
CAT has the edge over ZETA on shareholder dilution, with a more favorable share count trend.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $1.2B |
| Q2 2026 | $1.5B |
| Q1 2026 | $5B |
| Q4 2025 | $340M |
| Q3 2025 | $362M |
| Q2 2025 | $828M |
| Q1 2025 | $3.7B |
| Q4 2024 | $640M |
CAT spent $8.1B buying back its own shares over the past year, up 47% from the year before.
ZETA Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | +3.1% | +8M shares |
| 1 year | +19% | +42.2M shares |
| 3 years | +67% | +107M shares |
| 5 years | +417% | +213M shares |
| Available history | +712% | +232M shares |
ZETA has 265M diluted shares, up 19% from a year ago.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q1 2021 | — |
| Q4 2020 | — |
| Q3 2020 | — |
| Q2 2020 | — |
| Q1 2020 | — |
CAT Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.5x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | 2.0x | Healthy |
| Q3 2025 | -0.6x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2024 | 1.6x | Healthy |
CAT has more cash than debt.
ZETA Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.7x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -1.0x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -1.1x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | -1.6x | Net Cash |
| Q3 2025 | -3.0x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -4.5x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -14.1x | Net Cash |
ZETA has the edge over CAT on leverage, with a lower net debt burden relative to earnings.
CAT Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 32.7 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 6.7 | Oversold |
CAT's weekly RSI is 33 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 7 (oversold).
ZETA Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 70.3 | Overbought |
| Stochastic | 75.8 | Neutral |
ZETA's weekly RSI is 70 (overbought) and its Stochastic is 76 (neutral).
CAT PE vs Industrials Sector
| Metric | CAT | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 24x | 24x | 1.3% below |
| PE % | 69 | 58 | 11 pts above |
CAT is trading at 24x earnings, in line with the Industrials sector's median of 24x.
ZETA PE vs Technology Sector
CAT Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $709.0 | 15% below |
| 20 week MA | $797.0 | 24% below |
| 50 week MA | $771.3 | 22% below |
| 100 week MA | $586.7 | 3.2% above |
| 200 week MA | $443.1 | 37% above |
CAT has pulled back, but its long-term trend is still up: it's below its 8-, 20- and 50-week averages, but 37% above its 200-week average.
ZETA Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $32.6 | 15% above |
| 20 week MA | $28.6 | 30% above |
| 50 week MA | $22.6 | 65% above |
| 100 week MA | $19.7 | 89% above |
| 200 week MA | $16.7 | 123% above |
ZETA has the edge over CAT on trend strength, trading above more of its moving averages.
CAT Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $148.3 | $179.6 | +21% |
| 2021 | $179.6 | $206.2 | +15% |
| 2022 | $206.2 | $239.9 | +16% |
| 2023 | $239.9 | $295.7 | +23% |
| 2024 | $295.7 | $364.9 | +23% |
| 2025 | $364.9 | $583.0 | +60% |
| 2026 YTD | $583.0 | $605.3 | +3.8% |
CAT has finished every year since 2020 higher, and it's up 3.8% so far in 2026.
ZETA Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | $8.27 | $8.40 | +1.6% |
| 2022 | $8.40 | $8.21 | -2.3% |
| 2023 | $8.21 | $8.82 | +7.4% |
| 2024 | $8.82 | $17.7 | +100% |
| 2025 | $17.7 | $20.7 | +17% |
| 2026 YTD | $20.7 | $37.3 | +80% |
ZETA has the edge over CAT on returns for 2026, with the stronger performance.