CAT
Caterpillar Inc.
CAT has lower modeled downside risk, despite its lower overall score.
WDC
Western Digital Corporation
WDC has the edge over CAT overall, supported by stronger valuation and stronger fundamentals.
CAT Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Healthy | |
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| Strong |
CAT's revenue, profitability, cash flow and balance sheet are all currently healthy.
WDC Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| Strong |
WDC's revenue, profitability, cash flow and balance sheet are all currently strong.
CAT PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 15x | $380 | -37% |
| Fair | 18x | $461 | -24% |
| Forward | 20x | $605 | — |
| Current | 24x | $605 | — |
| Expensive | 33x | $840 | +39% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
CAT's PE is in its expensive range at 24x. If earnings grow as analysts expect, today's price would be 20x next year's earnings, in its fair range.
WDC PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 9.9x | $255 | -18% |
| Forward | 11x | $311 | — |
| Current | 12x | $311 | — |
| Fair | 19x | $487 | +56% |
| Expensive | 63x | $1,618 | +420% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
WDC has the edge over CAT in the historical PE scenario, which offers more potential upside but is not a forecast.
CAT Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Improving | |
| Strong growth | |
| Growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Moderate | |
| Low |
Analysts expect earnings and revenue growth for CAT, with profitability improving. However, they disagree widely on these estimates.
WDC Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Improving | |
| Strong growth | |
| Strong growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Moderate | |
| Moderate |
Analysts expect strong earnings and revenue growth for WDC, with profitability improving.
CAT Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $30.32 | +19% |
| Q3 2026 | $25.48 | +31% |
| Q2 2026 | $23.23 | +18% |
| Q1 2026 | $20.08 | -2% |
| Q4 2025 | $18.81 | -15% |
| Q3 2025 | $19.46 | -9.7% |
| Q2 2025 | $19.64 | -10% |
| Q1 2025 | $20.50 | -7.4% |
| Q4 2024 | $22.05 | +9.6% |
CAT earned $25.48 per share over the past year, up 31% from the year before.
WDC Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $28.81 | +12% |
| Q3 2026 | $25.84 | +276% |
| Q2 2026 | $24.28 | +371% |
| Q1 2026 | $16.75 | +268% |
| Q4 2025 | $9.97 | +187% |
| Q3 2025 | $6.87 | +655% |
| Q2 2025 | $5.15 | +$7.76 |
| Q1 2025 | $4.55 | +$9.61 |
| Q4 2024 | $3.47 | +$10.69 |
WDC has the edge over CAT on earnings, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
CAT Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $20.7B | +17% |
| Q2 2026 | $20.5B | +24% |
| Q1 2026 | $17.4B | +22% |
| Q4 2025 | $19.1B | +18% |
| Q3 2025 | $17.6B | +9.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $16.6B | -0.7% |
| Q1 2025 | $14.2B | -9.8% |
| Q4 2024 | $16.2B | -5% |
CAT has the edge over WDC on sales, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 20% | +3.1 points |
| Q2 2026 | 21% | +3.6 points |
| Q1 2026 | 18% | -0.4 points |
| Q4 2025 | 14% | -4.1 points |
| Q3 2025 | 17% | -2.2 points |
| Q2 2025 | 17% | -3.6 points |
| Q1 2025 | 18% | -4.2 points |
| Q4 2024 | 18% | -0.3 points |
CAT's operating margin was 20% last quarter, up 3.1 points from the same quarter a year ago.
WDC Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $4.4B | +55% |
| Q2 2026 | $3.7B | +44% |
| Q1 2026 | $3.3B | +45% |
| Q4 2025 | $3B | -30% |
| Q3 2025 | $2.8B | -31% |
| Q2 2025 | $2.6B | -31% |
| Q1 2025 | $2.3B | -34% |
| Q4 2024 | $4.3B | +41% |
WDC's revenue is growing: $4.4B last quarter, up 55% from the same quarter a year ago.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 47% | +19 points |
| Q2 2026 | 42% | +16 points |
| Q1 2026 | 36% | +2.5 points |
| Q4 2025 | 30% | +10 points |
| Q3 2025 | 28% | +10 points |
| Q2 2025 | 26% | +20 points |
| Q1 2025 | 33% | +25 points |
| Q4 2024 | 20% | +27 points |
WDC has the edge over CAT on profitability, with a higher operating margin.
CAT Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $3.7B | +19% |
| Q2 2026 | $3.8B | +47% |
| Q1 2026 | $1.1B | +97% |
| Q4 2025 | $2.7B | +0.1% |
| Q3 2025 | $3.1B | -1.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $2.6B | -4.2% |
| Q1 2025 | $579M | -63% |
| Q4 2024 | $2.7B | -22% |
CAT generated $11.3B in free cash flow over the past year, up 26% from the year before.
WDC Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $1.4B | +130% |
| Q2 2026 | $1.3B | +90% |
| Q1 2026 | $978M | +158% |
| Q4 2025 | $653M | +128% |
| Q3 2025 | $599M | +$661M |
| Q2 2025 | $675M | +170% |
| Q1 2025 | $379M | +$418M |
| Q4 2024 | $287M | +$529M |
WDC has the edge over CAT on cash flow, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
CAT Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -0.3% | -1.6M shares |
| 1 year | -2.1% | -9.9M shares |
| 3 years | -10% | -51.7M shares |
| 5 years | -16% | -86.7M shares |
| Available history | -19% | -107M shares |
CAT has the edge over WDC on shareholder dilution, with a more favorable share count trend.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $1.2B |
| Q2 2026 | $1.5B |
| Q1 2026 | $5B |
| Q4 2025 | $340M |
| Q3 2025 | $362M |
| Q2 2025 | $828M |
| Q1 2025 | $3.7B |
| Q4 2024 | $640M |
CAT spent $8.1B buying back its own shares over the past year, up 47% from the year before.
WDC Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | +0.3% | +1M shares |
| 1 year | +2.1% | +8M shares |
| 3 years | +19% | +61M shares |
| 5 years | +22% | +68M shares |
| Available history | +29% | +86M shares |
WDC has 384M diluted shares, up 2.1% from a year ago, despite $3B in buybacks over the past year.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $1B |
| Q2 2026 | $672M |
| Q1 2026 | $752M |
| Q4 2025 | $615M |
| Q3 2025 | $553M |
| Q2 2020 | — |
| Q1 2020 | — |
| Q4 2019 | — |
WDC spent $3B buying back its own shares over the past year.
CAT Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.5x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | 2.0x | Healthy |
| Q3 2025 | -0.6x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2024 | 1.6x | Healthy |
CAT has the edge over WDC on leverage, with a lower net debt burden relative to earnings.
WDC Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.1x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -0.1x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -0.1x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | 0.8x | Very low |
| Q3 2025 | 0.8x | Very low |
| Q2 2025 | 0.8x | Very low |
| Q1 2025 | 1.3x | Healthy |
| Q4 2024 | 1.9x | Healthy |
WDC has more cash than debt.
CAT Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 32.7 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 6.7 | Oversold |
CAT's weekly RSI is 33 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 7 (oversold).
WDC Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 41.5 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 11.2 | Oversold |
WDC's weekly RSI is 41 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 11 (oversold).
CAT PE vs Industrials Sector
| Metric | CAT | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 24x | 24x | 1.3% below |
| PE % | 69 | 58 | 11 pts above |
CAT is trading at 24x earnings, in line with the Industrials sector's median of 24x.
WDC PE vs Technology Sector
| Metric | WDC | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 12x | 28x | 57% below |
| PE % | 28 | 35 | 7 pts below |
WDC has the edge over CAT on valuation relative to its sector.
CAT Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $709.0 | 15% below |
| 20 week MA | $797.0 | 24% below |
| 50 week MA | $771.3 | 22% below |
| 100 week MA | $586.7 | 3.2% above |
| 200 week MA | $443.1 | 37% above |
CAT has pulled back, but its long-term trend is still up: it's below its 8-, 20- and 50-week averages, but 37% above its 200-week average.
WDC Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $360.8 | 14% below |
| 20 week MA | $438.4 | 29% below |
| 50 week MA | $380.4 | 18% below |
| 100 week MA | $226.8 | 37% above |
| 200 week MA | $133.7 | 133% above |
WDC has pulled back, but its long-term trend is still up: it's below its 8-, 20- and 50-week averages, but 133% above its 200-week average.
CAT Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $148.3 | $179.6 | +21% |
| 2021 | $179.6 | $206.2 | +15% |
| 2022 | $206.2 | $239.9 | +16% |
| 2023 | $239.9 | $295.7 | +23% |
| 2024 | $295.7 | $364.9 | +23% |
| 2025 | $364.9 | $583.0 | +60% |
| 2026 YTD | $583.0 | $605.3 | +3.8% |
CAT has finished every year since 2020 higher, and it's up 3.8% so far in 2026.
WDC Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $47.0 | $37.7 | -20% |
| 2021 | $37.7 | $46.2 | +23% |
| 2022 | $46.2 | $23.1 | -50% |
| 2023 | $23.1 | $39.6 | +71% |
| 2024 | $39.6 | $45.9 | +16% |
| 2025 | $45.9 | $181.5 | +296% |
| 2026 YTD | $181.5 | $311.2 | +71% |
WDC has the edge over CAT on returns for 2026, with the stronger performance.