CAT
Caterpillar Inc.
CAT has a slight edge over NOK overall, supported by stronger modeled upside and lower modeled downside.
NOK
Nokia Oyj
NOK offers stronger valuation, but that advantage does not outweigh its weaker overall profile.
CAT Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Healthy | |
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| Strong |
CAT's revenue, profitability, cash flow and balance sheet are all currently healthy.
NOK Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Stable | |
| Healthy | |
| Under pressure | |
| Strong |
NOK's profitability and balance sheet are currently healthy, and its revenue is stable, but its cash flow is under pressure.
CAT PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 15x | $380 | -37% |
| Fair | 18x | $461 | -24% |
| Forward | 20x | $605 | — |
| Current | 24x | $605 | — |
| Expensive | 33x | $840 | +39% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
CAT's PE is in its expensive range at 24x. If earnings grow as analysts expect, today's price would be 20x next year's earnings, in its fair range.
NOK PE Valuation
NOK has no meaningful PE right now: it lost money over the past year.
CAT Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Improving | |
| Strong growth | |
| Growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Moderate | |
| Low |
Analysts expect earnings and revenue growth for CAT, with profitability improving. However, they disagree widely on these estimates.
NOK Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| -- | |
| Strong growth | |
| Growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Limited | |
| Low |
Analysts expect earnings and revenue growth for NOK, with profitability improving. However, they disagree widely on these estimates.
CAT Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $30.32 | +19% |
| Q3 2026 | $25.48 | +31% |
| Q2 2026 | $23.23 | +18% |
| Q1 2026 | $20.08 | -2% |
| Q4 2025 | $18.81 | -15% |
| Q3 2025 | $19.46 | -9.7% |
| Q2 2025 | $19.64 | -10% |
| Q1 2025 | $20.50 | -7.4% |
| Q4 2024 | $22.05 | +9.6% |
CAT earned $25.48 per share over the past year, up 31% from the year before.
NOK Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $0.15 | +67% |
| Q2 2026 | $0.14 | +27% |
| Q1 2026 | $0.16 | +220% |
| Q4 2025 | $0.13 | -13% |
| Q3 2025 | $0.09 | +13% |
| Q2 2025 | $0.11 | +57% |
| Q1 2025 | $0.05 | -69% |
| Q4 2024 | $0.15 | +15% |
NOK has the edge over CAT on earnings, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
CAT Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $20.7B | +17% |
| Q2 2026 | $20.5B | +24% |
| Q1 2026 | $17.4B | +22% |
| Q4 2025 | $19.1B | +18% |
| Q3 2025 | $17.6B | +9.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $16.6B | -0.7% |
| Q1 2025 | $14.2B | -9.8% |
| Q4 2024 | $16.2B | -5% |
CAT's revenue has grown year over year for five quarters in a row: $20.7B last quarter, up 17% from the same quarter a year ago.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 20% | +3.1 points |
| Q2 2026 | 21% | +3.6 points |
| Q1 2026 | 18% | -0.4 points |
| Q4 2025 | 14% | -4.1 points |
| Q3 2025 | 17% | -2.2 points |
| Q2 2025 | 17% | -3.6 points |
| Q1 2025 | 18% | -4.2 points |
| Q4 2024 | 18% | -0.3 points |
CAT has the edge over NOK on profitability, with a higher operating margin.
NOK Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $5.7B | +6.1% |
| Q2 2026 | $5.3B | +5.9% |
| Q1 2026 | $5B | +2.4% |
| Q4 2025 | $6.8B | +2.4% |
| Q3 2025 | $5.4B | +12% |
| Q2 2025 | $5.1B | +1.8% |
| Q1 2025 | $4.9B | -1.2% |
| Q4 2024 | $6.6B | +4.9% |
NOK's revenue is recovering but still below its 2022 peak: $5.7B last quarter, up 6.1% from the same quarter a year ago.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 17% | +12 points |
| Q2 2026 | -1% | -2.8 points |
| Q1 2026 | 1.4% | +2.5 points |
| Q4 2025 | 7.1% | -0.8 points |
| Q3 2025 | 5% | -1.5 points |
| Q2 2025 | 1.8% | -7.9 points |
| Q1 2025 | -1.1% | -10 points |
| Q4 2024 | 7.9% | -1.6 points |
NOK's operating margin was 17% last quarter, up 12 points from the same quarter a year ago, near the top of its range since 2019.
CAT Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $3.7B | +19% |
| Q2 2026 | $3.8B | +47% |
| Q1 2026 | $1.1B | +97% |
| Q4 2025 | $2.7B | +0.1% |
| Q3 2025 | $3.1B | -1.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $2.6B | -4.2% |
| Q1 2025 | $579M | -63% |
| Q4 2024 | $2.7B | -22% |
CAT has the edge over NOK on cash flow, with more consistent year-over-year improvement.
NOK Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -$112M | -123% |
| Q2 2026 | -$832.1M | -951% |
| Q1 2026 | $698.8M | -13% |
| Q4 2025 | $252.2M | +354% |
| Q3 2025 | $476.6M | -37% |
| Q2 2025 | $97.8M | -78% |
| Q1 2025 | $801M | -25% |
| Q4 2024 | $55.5M | -97% |
NOK usually generates cash, though not every quarter: the latest was −$112M, but it generated $7M over the past year.
CAT Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -0.3% | -1.6M shares |
| 1 year | -2.1% | -9.9M shares |
| 3 years | -10% | -51.7M shares |
| 5 years | -16% | -86.7M shares |
| Available history | -19% | -107M shares |
CAT has the edge over NOK on shareholder dilution, with a more favorable share count trend.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $1.2B |
| Q2 2026 | $1.5B |
| Q1 2026 | $5B |
| Q4 2025 | $340M |
| Q3 2025 | $362M |
| Q2 2025 | $828M |
| Q1 2025 | $3.7B |
| Q4 2024 | $640M |
CAT spent $8.1B buying back its own shares over the past year, up 47% from the year before.
NOK Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -1% | -56.5M shares |
| 1 year | +4.7% | +257M shares |
| 3 years | +2.6% | +148M shares |
| 5 years | +0.9% | +54M shares |
| Available history | +2.2% | +123M shares |
NOK has 5.7B diluted shares, up 4.7% from a year ago.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | — |
| Q2 2026 | — |
| Q1 2026 | $10M |
| Q4 2025 | — |
| Q3 2025 | — |
| Q2 2025 | $86.7M |
| Q1 2025 | $606.6M |
| Q4 2024 | $428.8M |
NOK has spent almost nothing on buybacks in the past year.
CAT Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.5x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | 2.0x | Healthy |
| Q3 2025 | -0.6x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2024 | 1.6x | Healthy |
CAT has the edge over NOK on leverage, with a lower net debt burden relative to earnings.
NOK Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -0.5x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -0.7x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | -0.1x | Net Cash |
| Q3 2025 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -0.2x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2024 | -0.5x | Net Cash |
NOK has more cash than debt.
CAT Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 32.7 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 6.7 | Oversold |
CAT's weekly RSI is 33 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 7 (oversold).
NOK Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 40.8 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 18.3 | Oversold |
NOK's weekly RSI is 41 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 18 (oversold).
CAT PE vs Industrials Sector
| Metric | CAT | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 24x | 24x | 1.3% below |
| PE % | 69 | 58 | 11 pts above |
CAT is trading at 24x earnings, in line with the Industrials sector's median of 24x.
NOK PE vs Technology Sector
| Metric | NOK | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | N/A | 28x | — |
NOK has no meaningful PE right now: it lost money over the past year.
CAT Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $709.0 | 15% below |
| 20 week MA | $797.0 | 24% below |
| 50 week MA | $771.3 | 22% below |
| 100 week MA | $586.7 | 3.2% above |
| 200 week MA | $443.1 | 37% above |
CAT has pulled back, but its long-term trend is still up: it's below its 8-, 20- and 50-week averages, but 37% above its 200-week average.
NOK Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $9.14 | 9.4% below |
| 20 week MA | $9.92 | 17% below |
| 50 week MA | $9.66 | 14% below |
| 100 week MA | $7.35 | 13% above |
| 200 week MA | $5.67 | 46% above |
NOK has pulled back, but its long-term trend is still up: it's below its 8-, 20- and 50-week averages, but 46% above its 200-week average.
CAT Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $148.3 | $179.6 | +21% |
| 2021 | $179.6 | $206.2 | +15% |
| 2022 | $206.2 | $239.9 | +16% |
| 2023 | $239.9 | $295.7 | +23% |
| 2024 | $295.7 | $364.9 | +23% |
| 2025 | $364.9 | $583.0 | +60% |
| 2026 YTD | $583.0 | $605.3 | +3.8% |
CAT has finished every year since 2020 higher, and it's up 3.8% so far in 2026.
NOK Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $3.63 | $3.89 | +7.2% |
| 2021 | $3.89 | $6.19 | +59% |
| 2022 | $6.19 | $4.64 | -25% |
| 2023 | $4.64 | $3.42 | -26% |
| 2024 | $3.42 | $4.48 | +31% |
| 2025 | $4.48 | $6.62 | +48% |
| 2026 YTD | $6.62 | $8.28 | +25% |
NOK has the edge over CAT on returns for 2026, with the stronger performance.