CAT
Caterpillar Inc.
CAT's fundamentals are strong, but it looks expensive: trading at 24x earnings, above its usual 18x. Analysts expect strong earnings growth, though they disagree widely on how much.
FER
Ferrovial N.V.
There isn't enough reported data to score FER yet.
CAT Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Healthy | |
| Strong | |
| Strong | |
| Strong |
CAT's revenue, profitability, cash flow and balance sheet are all currently healthy.
FER Fundamentals
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Unavailable | |
| Stable | |
| Healthy | |
| Weak |
FER's cash flow is currently healthy, and its profitability is stable, but its balance sheet is weak. There isn't enough data to rate its revenue.
CAT PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 15x | $380 | -37% |
| Fair | 18x | $461 | -24% |
| Forward | 20x | $605 | — |
| Current | 24x | $605 | — |
| Expensive | 33x | $840 | +39% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
CAT has the edge over FER in the historical PE scenario, which offers more potential upside but is not a forecast.
FER PE Valuation
| Level | PE | Price | Vs current |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cheap | 10x | $14.13 | -77% |
| Fair | 31x | $43.44 | -29% |
| Current | 44x | $61.16 | — |
| Expensive | 74x | $102 | +67% |
Historical ranges are pointers, not guarantees.
FER's PE is 44x, but its earnings don't support one, so it isn't a reliable read right now.
CAT Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| Improving | |
| Strong growth | |
| Growth | |
| Improving | |
| Moderate | |
| Low |
Analysts expect earnings and revenue growth for CAT, with profitability improving. However, they disagree widely on these estimates.
FER Forward outlook
| Metric | Outlook |
|---|---|
| -- | |
| Returning to profit | |
| Strong growth | |
| Strongly improving | |
| Limited | |
| High |
Analysts expect FER to return to profit, with revenue growing.
CAT Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Forward | $29.73 | +17% |
| Q3 2026 | $25.48 | +31% |
| Q2 2026 | $23.23 | +18% |
| Q1 2026 | $20.08 | -2% |
| Q4 2025 | $18.81 | -15% |
| Q3 2025 | $19.46 | -9.7% |
| Q2 2025 | $19.64 | -10% |
| Q1 2025 | $20.50 | -7.4% |
| Q4 2024 | $22.05 | +9.6% |
FER has the stronger earnings trend. Trailing diluted EPS is up 31% for CAT versus FER up 1,280%.
FER Earnings Per Share
| Quarter | TTM EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | $1.38 | -72% |
| Q3 2021 | -$0.10 | +$0.02 |
| Q1 2019 | -$0.38 | -223% |
| Q4 2018 | -$0.48 | -173% |
| Q3 2018 | $0.31 | -46% |
FER has returned to profit: it earned $1.38 per share over the past year, after losing money the year before.
CAT Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $20.7B | +17% |
| Q2 2026 | $20.5B | +24% |
| Q1 2026 | $17.4B | +22% |
| Q4 2025 | $19.1B | +18% |
| Q3 2025 | $17.6B | +9.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $16.6B | -0.7% |
| Q1 2025 | $14.2B | -9.8% |
| Q4 2024 | $16.2B | -5% |
FER has the stronger quarterly revenue trend. Revenue is up 17% for CAT versus up 144% for FER.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | 20% | +3.1 points |
| Q2 2026 | 21% | +3.6 points |
| Q1 2026 | 18% | -0.4 points |
| Q4 2025 | 14% | -4.1 points |
| Q3 2025 | 17% | -2.2 points |
| Q2 2025 | 17% | -3.6 points |
| Q1 2025 | 18% | -4.2 points |
| Q4 2024 | 18% | -0.3 points |
CAT's operating margin was 20% last quarter, up 3.1 points from the same quarter a year ago.
FER Quarterly Revenue
| Quarter | Revenue | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | $10.7B | +5.2% |
| Q4 2024 | $10.2B | +100% |
| Q4 2023 | $5.1B | +14% |
| Q3 2023 | $2.5B | +14% |
| Q2 2023 | $4.4B | +11% |
| Q1 2023 | $2.2B | +11% |
| Q4 2022 | $4.5B | +104% |
| Q3 2022 | $2.2B | +9% |
FER's revenue has grown year over year for 13 quarters in a row: $10.7B last quarter, up 144% from the same quarter a year ago.
| Quarter | Margin | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | 11% | +6.1 points |
| Q4 2024 | 34% | +29 points |
| Q4 2023 | 8.5% | +2.1 points |
| Q3 2023 | 9.3% | +3 points |
| Q2 2023 | 5% | +0.3 points |
| Q1 2023 | 5.1% | +0.3 points |
| Q4 2022 | 6.4% | +2.2 points |
| Q3 2022 | 6.3% | +15 points |
FER's operating margin was 11% last quarter, up 6.1 points from the same quarter a year ago.
CAT Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $3.7B | +19% |
| Q2 2026 | $3.8B | +47% |
| Q1 2026 | $1.1B | +97% |
| Q4 2025 | $2.7B | +0.1% |
| Q3 2025 | $3.1B | -1.5% |
| Q2 2025 | $2.6B | -4.2% |
| Q1 2025 | $579M | -63% |
| Q4 2024 | $2.7B | -22% |
FER has the stronger cash trend. Its trailing FCF is up 2,646% versus its history, compared with CAT at up 39%.
FER Free Cash Flow
| Quarter | Free cash flow | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Q4 2023 | $421M | +189% |
| Q3 2023 | $424.4M | +192% |
| Q2 2023 | $52.2M | +$188.3M |
| Q1 2023 | $52.2M | +$188.3M |
| Q4 2022 | $145.5M | +$145.5M |
| Q3 2022 | $145.5M | +$145.5M |
| Q2 2022 | -$136.1M | -$136.1M |
| Q1 2022 | -$136.1M | -$136.1M |
FER generated $950M in free cash flow over the past year, more than ten times what it generated the year before.
CAT Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -0.3% | -1.6M shares |
| 1 year | -2.1% | -9.9M shares |
| 3 years | -10% | -51.7M shares |
| 5 years | -16% | -86.7M shares |
| Available history | -19% | -107M shares |
CAT has 461M diluted shares, down 2.1% from a year ago, with $8.1B in buybacks over the past year.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | $1.2B |
| Q2 2026 | $1.5B |
| Q1 2026 | $5B |
| Q4 2025 | $340M |
| Q3 2025 | $362M |
| Q2 2025 | $828M |
| Q1 2025 | $3.7B |
| Q4 2024 | $640M |
CAT spent $8.1B buying back its own shares over the past year, up 47% from the year before.
FER Total Shares
| Period | Change % | Net change |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterly | -0.8% | -5.5M shares |
| 1 year | -5.4% | -41.3M shares |
| 3 years | -1.8% | -12.8M shares |
| 5 years | -1.2% | -8.4M shares |
FER has the edge over CAT on shareholder dilution, with a more favorable share count trend.
| Quarter | Spent |
|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | $12.2M |
| Q4 2024 | $29.7M |
| Q4 2023 | $34.4M |
| Q3 2023 | $34.4M |
| Q2 2023 | $28.9M |
| Q1 2023 | $28.9M |
| Q4 2022 | $110M |
| Q3 2022 | $110M |
CAT Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2026 | -0.5x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2026 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2026 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2025 | 2.0x | Healthy |
| Q3 2025 | -0.6x | Net Cash |
| Q2 2025 | -0.4x | Net Cash |
| Q1 2025 | -0.3x | Net Cash |
| Q4 2024 | 1.6x | Healthy |
CAT has more cash than debt.
FER Net Leverage
| Quarter | Net Leverage | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | 4.0x | Elevated |
| Q4 2024 | 1.8x | Healthy |
| Q4 2023 | 5.0x | High |
| Q3 2023 | 5.6x | High |
| Q2 2023 | 6.7x | High |
| Q1 2023 | 0.0x | Very low |
| Q4 2022 | 6.1x | High |
| Q3 2022 | 3.5x | Elevated |
FER's net debt is about 4.0 years of its operating earnings (EBITDA), down from 6.7 years a year ago.
CAT Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 32.7 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 6.7 | Oversold |
CAT's weekly RSI is 33 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 7 (oversold).
FER Weekly Momentum
| Metric | Value | Status |
|---|---|---|
| RSI | 53.0 | Neutral |
| Stochastic | 55.2 | Neutral |
FER's weekly RSI is 53 (neutral) and its Stochastic is 55 (neutral).
CAT PE vs Industrials Sector
| Metric | CAT | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 24x | 24x | 1.1% below |
| PE % | 69 | 58 | 11 pts above |
CAT has the edge over FER on valuation relative to its sector.
FER PE vs Industrials Sector
| Metric | FER | Sector median | Relative |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE | 44x | 24x | 85% above |
| PE % | 65 | 58 | 7 pts above |
FER is trading at 44x earnings, a 85% premium to the Industrials sector's median of 24x, though its earnings don't support one.
CAT Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $709.0 | 15% below |
| 20 week MA | $797.0 | 24% below |
| 50 week MA | $771.3 | 22% below |
| 100 week MA | $586.7 | 3.2% above |
| 200 week MA | $443.1 | 37% above |
CAT has pulled back, but its long-term trend is still up: it's below its 8-, 20- and 50-week averages, but 37% above its 200-week average.
FER Weekly Moving Averages
| Moving average | MA price | Relative |
|---|---|---|
| 8 week MA | $54.2 | 13% above |
| 20 week MA | $59.0 | 3.7% above |
| 50 week MA | $64.3 | 4.9% below |
| 100 week MA | $57.8 | 5.8% above |
| 200 week MA | $46.6 | 31% above |
FER has the edge over CAT on trend strength, trading above more of its moving averages.
CAT Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $148.3 | $179.6 | +21% |
| 2021 | $179.6 | $206.2 | +15% |
| 2022 | $206.2 | $239.9 | +16% |
| 2023 | $239.9 | $295.7 | +23% |
| 2024 | $295.7 | $364.9 | +23% |
| 2025 | $364.9 | $583.0 | +60% |
| 2026 YTD | $583.0 | $605.3 | +3.8% |
CAT has the edge over FER on returns for 2026, with the stronger performance.
FER Yearly ROI
| Year | Start price | End price | ROI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | $29.8 | $27.4 | -8.1% |
| 2021 | $27.4 | $27.5 | +0.4% |
| 2022 | $27.5 | $25.2 | -8.4% |
| 2023 | $25.2 | $35.4 | +41% |
| 2024 | $35.4 | $42.4 | +20% |
| 2025 | $42.4 | $65.2 | +54% |
| 2026 YTD | $65.2 | $61.2 | -6.2% |
FER has finished higher in four of the last six years. It's down 6.2% so far in 2026.